Imvelaphi yoPhuhliso
Uphuhliso loshishino lwesixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma kunye nophuhliso lweshishini lemichiza enzima lixesha elifanayo. Phambi koo-1980, izixhobo zobushushu kunye nokufuma zisetyenziswa ikakhulu elabhoratri, eyona sixhobo sokulinganisa sinayo imitha enokubakho ye-DC, ibhulorho ye-dc, ibhulorho ye-AC, i-galvanometer, izixhobo zobushushu eziqhubekayo. Embindini kunye no-1980s ekupheleni, inani elikhulu lobushushu obuphambili kunye nomlinganiselo wokufuma kunye nolawulo lwesixhobo sokulawula amashishini angena e-China, ekhuthaza inkqubela phambili yobugcisa be-China yobushushu kunye noshishino lwesixhobo sokufuma.
Ngo-2019, umthamo wentengiso yesixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma eTshayina malunga ne-660 yezigidi zeeyuan, imfuno yeshishini lepetrochemical imalunga ne-200 yezigidi zeeyuan ngonyaka, ishishini lamandla limalunga ne-100 yezigidi zeeyuan ngonyaka, ishishini lesinyithi limalunga ne-050 yezigidi zeeyuan, ishishini loomatshini limalunga nezigidi ezingama-060 zeeyuan, ishishini lokulinganisa limalunga nezigidi ezingama-050 zeeyuan, amanye amacandelo kwi-yuan ezigidi ezingama-200. I-Chinese instrumentation Institute iqikelela ukuba isikali semfuno yobushushu kunye nokufuma kwezixhobo kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo iya kugcina izinga lokukhula lonyaka elimalunga ne-10.00%. Ngokwale nqanaba lokukhula, amandla entengiso yezixhobo zobushushu zaseTshayina aya kufikelela kwi-966 yezigidi zeeyuan ngo-2020.
Ukufunyanwa kobushushu kunye nokufuma kumashishini amaninzi anezicelo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye inkqubo yeshishini kukho umahluko omkhulu, kwakhona kukho umahluko omkhulu kwimfuno yolawulo lobushushu kunye nokufuma, kuba bekukho umahluko omkhulu kwimfuno yesixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu kunye nokufuma. amashishini, kuquka i-petroleum, iikhemikhali, amandla ombane, isinyithi, imboni yoomatshini, imfuno yobushushu kunye nesixhobo sokufuma inkulu, imfuno enkulu nayo igcina ishishini lokulinganisa.
Isixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma sihambela phambili ngokuthe ngcembe
1. Ukwahluka kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe
Okwangoku, izixhobo zokushisa kunye nokufuma zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini, ezolimo, uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezinye iinkalo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulinganiseni, ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya kunye nokulawula. Ngokwenyani iqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma kwezixhobo zezixhobo zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi zomsebenzi wabantu, kunye nokwahluka kwesixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma, uphuhliso olwahlukeneyo, ngokuthe ngcembe lwangena kubuchwepheshe be-biochip, abenzi boluvo, i-automation yoyilo lombane, ukusetyenzwa komqondiso wedijithali, kunye nezinye iindawo. yetekhnoloji entsha, indawo yesicelo elandelayo yobushushu kunye nesixhobo sokufuma iya kufumana ukwanda ngokukhawuleza.
Emva kwamashumi eminyaka yophuhliso, ubushushu kunye nobushushu isixhobo isixhobo China iphuhlise iindidi zeendidi zemveliso epheleleyo, ubushushu kunye nokufuma amashishini isixhobo kwakhona babe isikali ethile imveliso kunye nenkqubo yoshishino, ngoko ke izixhobo zombane, umlinganiselo wemizi-mveliso kunye nezixhobo zovavanyo lwenzululwazi kunye nentsimi yeemitha. ube nendawo. Imarike yasekhaya kudala yazalwa nenani lamashishini akhuphisanayo namazwe ngamazwe, kunokuthiwa i-China iye yaba yimitha yeyure ye-watt, i-microscope, i-thermometer, i-gauge yoxinzelelo kunye nolunye ubushushu kunye nokufuma kwesixhobo sokuvelisa imveliso kunye namandla angaphandle.
2. Ukucutha kancinane umsantsa wamazwe ngamazwe
Kumacandelo oshishino lwesixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma kweTshayina, kusekho amanye amashishini amakhulu angaphandle ahlala kwintengiso yemveliso ephezulu, kodwa ungatyhafi, amashishini aseTshayina anezibonelelo ezithile kumacandelo emveliso. Kuyaqondwa ukuba nangona iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Semerfei kunye ne-Shimazin zilawula imarike yezixhobo eziphezulu eziphezulu e-China, amashishini aseTshayina i-Tianrui Instrument kunye ne-Xianhe Environmental Protection zineenzuzo ezinkulu kwiinkalo zokwahlula-hlula ezifana nezixhobo zokuhlalutya kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso lokusingqongileyo. Ingakumbi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubushushu kunye nokufuma ishishini isixhobo China iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokuphila kunye nenkqubela phambili yentlalo, kwaye umsantsa kunye namazwe angaphandle iye yancipha. Iqulethwe: kwinguqulelo yenzululwazi kunye neteknoloji kunye nenkqubela phambili yoshishino ngokuthe ngcembe ihambelana nesantya samazwe ngamazwe; Ukuphumelela kunye nokutsha kobuchwepheshe obuphambili obuphambili buphucule inqanaba elipheleleyo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo zokufuma. Ukuzinza kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye abathengi bazimiseleukuhlawulelaiimveliso zasekhaya. Ukutshintshwa kwemveliso yasekhaya ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lweshishini lesixhobo sobushushu kunye nokufuma kweTshayina.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-13-2020
