Njengoko sisazi kude kube ngoku, itekhnoloji yoHlulo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi zobomi bethu kunye neshishini, ichaphazela yonke into ukusuka kumoya esiwuphefumlayo ukuya kumanzi esiwaselayo kunye neemveliso esizisebenzisayo. Yinkqubo eyahlula amasuntswana amisiweyo kulwelo (irhasi okanye ulwelo) ngokulugqithisa kwisithintelo esinentunjana esibizwa ngokuba sisihluzo.
Ukuhluza kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo:
* Ukucoca:
Ukususa ukungcola kulwelo kunye neegesi, kubenze bakhuseleke ukuba basetyenziswe okanye basetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
* Ukhuseleko:
Ukuthintela amasuntswana anobungozi ekungeneni kwizixhobo ezibuthathaka kunye neenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokwandisa ubomi bazo.
* Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo:
Ukususa ungcoliseko emoyeni nasemanzini, kunegalelo kwindawo ecocekileyo.
* Ukubuyiselwa kwezixhobo:
Ukwahlula izinto ezixabisekileyo kulwelo, okwenza ukuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.
* Umgangatho wemveliso:
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho efunwayo yokucoceka kunye nokucaca.
Kummandla wetekhnoloji yokuhluza, eyona nto sigxile kuyo kumaziko amabini ahlukeneyo:igesi kunye nolwelo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ayizizo zonke iigesi kunye nolwelo olufanayo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, zifuna iindlela zokuhluza ezilungiselelweyo.
ukuqinisekisa ubunyulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Le ndlela ilungiselelweyo ingundoqo ekufumaneni irhasi okanye ulwelo olungcono ngokulandelayo
iinkqubo zokuvelisa.
Ngokuqonda kunye nokuphumeza iindlela ezithile zokuhluza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zegesi kunye nolwelo, singakwazi kakhulu
siphucula impumelelo kunye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwemizamo yethu yokuvelisa.
Ukuhluzwa kwegesi
Ukuhluzwa kwegesi yinkqubo yokususa iincinci ezingafunekiyo kunye nokungcola kwi-gas stream. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokucocwa komoya, ukusetyenzwa kwerhasi yamashishini, kunye nokukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka. Nazi ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zetekhnoloji yokucoca igesi:
1. Izihluzi zoomatshini:
Ezi zihluzo zibamba amasuntswana ngokobukhulu bawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa i-mesh okanye inwebu eneepores ezincinci kunamasuntswana amele asuswe. Njengoko igesi idlula kwisihlungi, iinqununu zibanjwe phezu kwe-membrane.
Iintlobo zezihluzo zoomatshini:
* Izihluzi ezinzulu: Ezi zineentsinga ezishinyeneyo, ezithi zibambe amasuntswana angaphakathi kumaleko azo. Ziyasebenza ekususeni amasuntswana amakhulu kodwa zinokuba nokuhla koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
* Izihluzi zeMembrane: Ezi zinenwebu ebhityileyo, enemingxuma evumela iimolekyuli zegesi ukuba zidlule ngelixa zigcina amasuntswana amakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenza ngakumbi kunezihluzo ezinzulu kwaye zinexinzelelo olusezantsi lokuhla.
2. Izihluzi zeAdsorption:
Ezi zihluzo zisebenzisa imathiriyeli efana nekhabhoni esebenzayo ukubambisa iimolekyuli. Izinto ze-adsorbent zinendawo enkulu yomhlaba kunye neepores ezitsala kwaye zibambe i-molecule yegesi. Njengoko igesi idlula kwisihluzi, iimolekyuli ezingafunwayo zibhengezwa kumphezulu we-adsorbent.
Iintlobo zezihluzi ze-Adsorption:
* Izihluzi zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo: Ezi lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesihluzo se-adsorption. Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yimathiriyeli enemingxuma ephezulu enokuthi ibhengeze uluhlu olubanzi lweegesi.
* Izihluzi ze-molecular sieve: Ezi zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-zeolite ukukhetha iimolekyuli ezithile.
3. Izihluzi zeMichiza:
Ezi zihluzo zisebenzisa imathiriyeli esebenzayo ukuthoba iigesi eziyingozi. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuguqula i
igesi eyingozi kwimveliso engenabungozi enokukhululwa okanye ilahlwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
Iintlobo zezihluzi zeMichiza:
* Izihluzi zeScrubber: Ezi zisebenzisa isisombululo solwelo ukufunxa kunye nokusabela ngerhasi engafunekiyo.
* Izihluzi zeChemisorption: Ezi zisebenzisa imathiriyeli eyomeleleyo ukusabela kunye nokususa irhasi engafunekiyo.
Ukusetyenziswa koHlelo lweGesi:
* Ukucocwa komoya: Ukususa uthuli, izinto ezimelene nazo, kunye nezinto ezingcolisa umoya wangaphakathi nangaphandle.
* Ukusetyenzwa kwerhasi yeshishini: Ukwahlula ukungcola kwi-oyile negesi ukuvelisa izibaso ezicocekileyo.
* Ukukhusela izixhobo ezinovakalelo: Ukuthintela amasuntswana ayingozi ukuba angangeni kwisixhobo esibuthathaka.
* Izicelo zonyango: Ukubonelela ngomoya ococekileyo kwiinkqubo zonyango.
* Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo: Ukususwa kwezinto ezingcolisa umoya ezikhutshwa kwimizi-mveliso.
Ukukhetha itekhnoloji yokucoca igesi elungileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:
* Ubungakanani kunye nodidi lwamasuntswana aza kususwa
* Inqanaba elinqwenelekayo lokucoceka
* Isantya sokuhamba kwerhasi
* Iindleko kunye nobunzima benkqubo
Kubalulekile ukubonisana nengcali yohluzo olufanelekileyo ukumisela olona hlobo lwesihluzi kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Ukucoca ulwelo
Ukuhluzwa kolwelo yinkqubo yokususa amasuntswana angafunekiyo kunye neengcoliseko kumsinga wolwelo. Kubalulekile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa unyango lwamanzi, ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali, kunye nokuveliswa kokutya nesiselo. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziphambili zetekhnoloji yokucoca ulwelo:
1. Izihluzi zoMphezulu:
Ezi zihluzo zibamba amasuntswana kumphezulu wesihluzo esiphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa i-mesh okanye isikrini esineepores ezincinci kunamasuntswana aza kususwa. Njengoko ulwelo ludlula kwisihluzi, amasuntswana avaleleke kumphezulu wekhusi.
Iintlobo zezihluzi zoMphezulu:
* Izihluzi zesikrini:Olu lolona hlobo lulula lwesihluzo somphezulu. Zenziwe ngemesh yentsimbi enemingxuma emikhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ulwelo ukuba ludlule kodwa luncinci ngokwaneleyo ukubambisa amasuntswana amakhulu.
* Izihluzi zekhatriji:Ezi ziqulathe isihluzi semidiya epleated eyenziwe ngephepha, ilaphu, okanye ezinye izinto. Zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zobukhulu bepore ukususa ubungakanani obuhlukeneyo bamaqhekeza.
2. Izihluzi zobunzulu:
Ezi zihluzi zibamba amasuntswana ngaphakathi kwe-matrix yezinto zokucoca. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto ezishinyeneyo, ezinentsinga ezithi zibambe amasuntswana ngaphakathi ko maleko. Izihluzi ezinzulu zisebenza ngokususa amasuntswana amancinci kodwa zinokuba noxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Iindidi zezihluzo zobunzulu:
* Izihluzi ezinzulu:Ezi zenziwe ngezinto ezifana neselulosi, iifiber zeglasi, okanye iifiber zokwenziwa.
Zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ekususeni uluhlu olubanzi lwee-particle size, kubandakanywa ibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane.
* Izihluzi zamanxeba:Ezi zenziwe ngokujija i-fibrous material ejikeleze umbindi.
Zifumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu bepore.
3. Izihluzi zeMembrane:
Ezi zihluzo zisebenzisa inwebu ezibhityileyo ezinobukhulu obuthile bepore ukuvumela kuphela iimolekyuli ezincinci kunemibhobho ukuba zidlule. Ziyasebenza ekususeni amasuntswana amancinci kakhulu, kubandakanywa iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, kunye neemolekyuli ezinyityilisiweyo.
Iintlobo zezihluzi zeMembrane:
* Uhluzo lweMicrofiltration:Ezi membrane zineepore ubukhulu be-0.1 ukuya kwi-10 microns kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukususa ibhaktheriya, ii-parasites, kunye nezinye iinqununu ezinkulu.
*Ukuhlunga:Ezi nwebu zinobungakanani bepore ukusuka kwi-0.01 ukuya kwi-0.1 microns kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukususa iintsholongwane, iiprotheni, kunye namanye amasuntswana amancinci.
*Nanofiltration:Ezi membrane zinepore ubukhulu be-0.001 ukuya kwi-0.01 microns kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukususa iimolekyuli ezinyityilisiweyo njengeetyuwa kunye neeswekile.
* Ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis:Ezi inwebu zineesayizi ezincinci zepore kuzo zonke izihluzi zenwebu (0.0001 microns) kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukususa phantse zonke iimolekyuli ezinyityilisiweyo emanzini.
Ukusetyenziswa koHlelo lolwelo:
• Ukucocwa kwamanzi: Ukususa ukungcola kumanzi okusela, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka.
* Ukusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali: Ukwahlula ii-reactants, iimveliso, kunye ne-catalysts ngexesha lokusabela kweekhemikhali.
* Ishishini lokutya nesiselo: Ukucacisa kunye nokucoca iziselo, ukususa izinto eziqinileyo kwi-oyile, kunye nokwahlula iinxalenye ekusetyenzweni kokutya.
* Imveliso yamachiza: Ukucoca amayeza kunye nokucoca iimveliso zebhayoloji.
* Ukulungiswa kwe-oyile nerhasi: Ukwahlula amanzi kunye nobunye ubumdaka kwi-oyile negesi.
Ukukhetha itekhnoloji efanelekileyo yokucoca ulwelo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:
* Ubungakanani kunye nodidi lwamasuntswana aza kususwa
* Inqanaba elinqwenelekayo lokucoceka
• Umyinge wokuhamba kolwelo
* Ukuhambelana kweekhemikhali zolwelo kunye nesixhobo sokucoca
* Iindleko kunye nobunzima benkqubo
Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukudibana nengcali yohluzo olufanelekileyo ukumisela olona hlobo lwesihluzi kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Iigesi eziKhethekileyo kunye noHluzo oluKhethekileyo lolwelo
Ukuhluzwa kweegesi ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwelo kuzisa imiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezinobungozi,
iimfuno eziphakamileyo zokucoceka, okanye ukwakheka okuntsokothileyo. Nalu uluhlu lwemingeni kunye nezisombululo ezibandakanyekayo:
Imingeni:
* Irhasi ezonakalisayo okanye ezisebenzayo kunye nolwelo:Ezi zingonakala imathiriyeli yokucoca yemveli, ifuna imathiriyeli ekhethekileyo njengeHastelloy okanye i-PTFE.
* Iimfuno zokucoceka okuphezulu:Kumashishini afana namayeza kunye ne-semiconductors, nokuba umkhondo wokungcola unokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wemveliso.
Ukufezekisa nokugcina amanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka kufuna iindlela ezingqongqo zokuhluza.
* Iingoma ezintsonkothileyo:Olunye ulwelo lunamalungu amaninzi anobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neempawu, okwenza ukwahlula kunye nokuhluza kube nzima ngakumbi.
Izisombululo:
* Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo:Izihluzi ezenziwe ngezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa njengealloyi zentsimbi, iipholima ezifana ne-PTFE (Teflon), okanye iiseramikhi zinokumelana neekhemikhali ezirhabaxa kunye nemekobume endlongondlongo.
* Iindlela zokucoca ezingqongqo:Ubuchwephesha obufana ne-multi-stage filtration, i-ultrafiltration, kunye ne-nanofiltration inokufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka ngokususa kunye neencinci ezincinci kunye nokungcola.
* Uyilo lokucoca olukwinqanaba eliphezulu:Izihluzi zeMembrane ezinobungakanani bepore obuchanekileyo okanye iikhatriji ezenziwe ngobunjineli ngokukodwa zinokususa izinto ezithile ngokusekelwe kubungakanani bazo kunye neempawu.
* Ulawulo lwenkqubo kunye nokubeka iliso:Ukujongwa kwexesha lokwenyani loxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, kunye namanqanaba okucoceka kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokungenelela ngexesha xa kukho ukutenxa.
* I-Adsorption kunye nokuhluzwa kweekhemikhali:Kwiimeko apho ulwahlulo olunzima lufunekayo, iindlela ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-adsorption ene-activated carbon okanye izihlungi zekhemikhali zingasetyenziswa ukususa ukungcola okuthile.
Ubuchwephesha boHlulo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu:
* IChromatografi yerhasi:Ukwahlula kunye nokuchonga amacandelo aguquguqukayo kwimixube yegesi usebenzisa ikholamu ezaliswe yimpahla ekhethekileyo ye-adsorbent.
*I-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):Isebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ukwahlula amacandelo kulwelo ngokusekwe kunxibelelwano lwawo kunye nesigaba esimileyo.
* Ukukhutshwa kweMembrane:Isebenzisa inwebu ukwahlula amacandelo ngokusekwe kukuguquguquka kwawo, ivumela ulwahlulo olusebenza ngamandla kulwelo olusulungekileyo.
* Imvula yoMbane:Uqeshe intsimi yombane ukuhlawula amaqhekeza, ukutsala ukuba baqokelele iipleyiti kwaye bawasuse ngokufanelekileyo kwi-gas stream.
Imizekelo yeeGasi eziZodwa kunye nolwelo:
* Hydrofluoric acid:I-corrosion kakhulu, ifuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo ze-PTFE.
* Iikhemikhali zenkqubo yeSemiconductor:Ucoceko oluphezulu kakhulu luyafuneka, lufuna ukuhluzwa kwamanqanaba amaninzi ngokujongwa okungqongqo.
* I-Biopharmaceuticals:Inovelwano kukungcola kwaye ifuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo zokucoca.
* Iigesi ezinetyhefu:Kufuneka izihluzi ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokuphatha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
Ukubaluleka:
Ukuhluza ngokufanelekileyo iigesi ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwelo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, umgangatho, kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kuwo wonke amashishini. Ukuhluzwa okungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekungcolisekeni kwemveliso, umonakalo wezixhobo, iingozi zokhuseleko, kunye nobungozi bokusingqongileyo.
Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noShicilelo oluPhezulu lweGesi yoHlulo
Ukushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (HTHP) ukuhluzwa kwegesi kubangela imingeni ekhethekileyo ngenxa yeemeko ezigqithisileyo ezifuna ukuyila okukhethekileyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo. Nalu ulwahlulo lwemiba ephambili:
Iingqwalasela zoyilo:
* Ukumelana noxinzelelo:Izindlu zesihluzi kunye nezinto kufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo olubalulekileyo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okanye ukuphuka.
* Ukunyamezela ubushushu:Izixhobo kufuneka zigcine amandla kunye nokunyaniseka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngaphandle kokunyibilika okanye ukuthotywa.
* Ukumelana nokubola:Amalungu okucoca kufuneka axhathise umhlwa osuka kwirhasi ethile ehluzwayo.
* Ukusebenza kakuhle:Uyilo kufuneka lunciphise ukuhla koxinzelelo ngelixa ugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca.
* Ukucoceka kunye nokuhlaziywa kwakhona:Ezinye izihluzi zifuna ukucocwa okanye ukuvuselelwa ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza, kwaye uyilo kufuneka luhambise ezi nkqubo.
Iingqwalasela zeMathiriyeli:
* Iialloys zentsimbi:Insimbi engenasici, i-Hastelloy, kunye ne-Inconel zikhetho eziqhelekileyo ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.
*IiCeramics:I-alumina, i-zirconia, kunye ne-silicon carbide zilungele ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye zibonelela ngokugqwesileyo kokuxhathisa imichiza.
* Imicu yeglasi:Iifiber zeglasi zeBorosilicate zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucoca.
* Iipolima ezikhethekileyo:I-PTFE kunye nezinye iipolymers eziphezulu zokusebenza zingasetyenziselwa izicelo ezithile ezifuna ukuxhathisa imichiza kunye nokuguquguquka.
Izinto ezintsha zobuGcisa:
Iitekhnoloji ezininzi ezintsha ziye zavela ukulungisa imingeni yokucoca igesi yeHTHP:
* Izinto zesihluzi seCeramic:Ezi zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1800 ° C) kwaye zinokuyilwa kunye nobukhulu obukhethekileyo bepore ukufezekisa ukusebenza okufunwayo kokucoca.
* Izihluzi zetsimbi zentsimbi:Ezenziwe ngomgubo wentsimbi, ezi zihluzo zinika amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obulungileyo, kwaye zinokucocwa kwaye zenziwe ngokutsha ngokufanelekileyo.
* Izihluzi zokuzicoca:Ezi zibandakanya iindlela ezinjengokutyhala ngasemva okanye ukubuyisela umva umva ukuze kususwe ngokuzenzekelayo ungcoliseko oluqokelelweyo, ukunciphisa iimfuno zogcino.
* Izihluzi zeMembrane:Iimbumba ezinobushushu obuphezulu obunobushushu obunobungakanani bepore obuchanekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhluzwa okuphezulu kwezinto ezithile zegesi.
Imizekelo yezihluzi ze-HTHP:
- Izihluzi zentsimbi ezisikiweyo: Isihluzo sesinyithi esine-Sintered segesi zeHTHP
- Izihluzo zeCeramic:
- Izihluzi zobushushu obuphezulu kwinwebu:
Usetyenziso:
Ukuhluzwa kwerhasi yeHTHP kubalulekile kumashishini ahlukeneyo:
* Ukuveliswa kwamandla:Ukususa i-particulate matter kwi-gas turbine inlet air ukukhusela ii-iturbines kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
* Ukulungiswa kweekhemikhali:Ukucoca iigesi ezishushu kunye nomphunga kwiimpendulo zemichiza ukususa ukungcola kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.
* Ishishini lePetrochemical:Ukwahlula amacandelo kwimijelo yegesi ukusuka ekucokiseni nasekuqhubeni imisebenzi.
* Ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi:Ukuhluza iigesi zombhobho oshushu ezisuka kwiziko kunye nezitshisi ukulawula ungcoliseko lomoya.
*Isiphekepheke:Ukukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka eluthulini nakwizingcolisi kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu.
Isiphelo:
Ukushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo lwegesi yokucoca igesi kufuna ukuyila ngokucophelela kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo.
Ngokuqonda imingeni kunye nokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ephezulu, amashishini anokucoca ngokufanelekileyo iigesi zeHTHP kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo,
igalelo ekuphuculweni komsebenzi, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noShicilelo oluPhezulu lolwelo loHlelo
Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (HTHP) ulwelo lubonisa imingeni ekhethekileyo yokucoca ngenxa yeemeko ezigqithisileyo ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu inkqubo. Nantsi inkcazo yeengxaki eziphambili kunye nezisombululo:
Imingeni:
* Utshintsho lweViscosity:Njengoko ubushushu busanda, i-viscosity yolwelo iyehla, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo zidlule kwisihluzo.
* Ukwandiswa kweThermal:Zombini ulwelo kunye necandelo lokucoca zikhula ngemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu, okunokuthi kuchaphazele ukusebenza kohluzo kunye nokubangela ukuvuza.
* Iziphumo zoxinzelelo:Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lunokudibanisa imidiya yokucoca, ukunciphisa i-porosity kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucoca. Ukongeza, kunokubangela uxinzelelo kwizindlu zokucoca kunye namatywina, okukhokelela ekungaphumelelini okunokwenzeka.
* Ukuhambelana kweMichiza:Ukushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo kunokunyusa i-chemical reactivity ye-liquid, efuna izinto ezikhethekileyo zokucoca ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwayo kunye nokuthintela ukungcoliseka.
* Ukonakala:Indibaniselwano yobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo, kunye nolwelo olunokuba ngumhlwa lunokukhawulezisa ukubola kwezinto zokucoca, lunciphise ubomi bazo kwaye lubeke esichengeni ukusebenza kwazo.
Izisombululo kunye nobuGcisa:
Ukoyisa le miceli mngeni, izisombululo ezininzi kunye nobuchule buqeshwe kuhluzo lwe-HTHP lolwelo:
* Imidiya yokucoca ekhethekileyo:Izixhobo ezixhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu njengemesh yentsimbi engenastainless, umgubo wentsimbi, kunye neefiber zeceramic zisetyenziselwa ukumelana neemeko ezigqithisileyo.
* Ukuhluzwa kwamanqanaba amaninzi:Ukusebenzisa izihluzi ezininzi ezinobungakanani bepore obuhlukeneyo kunokujongana nobungakanani bamasuntswana ahlukeneyo kwaye kufezekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo.
* Ulawulo lobushushu:Ukugcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo kulo lonke inkqubo yokucoca kunceda ukunciphisa imiphumo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokutshintsha kwe-viscosity.
* Izindlu ezikwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo:Izindlu ezomeleleyo ezenziwe ngezinto ezinokuqina okuphezulu njengentsimbi engatyiwa okanye i-titanium ziyilelwe ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuthintela ukuvuza.
* Amatywina anganyangekiyo ngamachiza:Izitywina ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana neTeflon okanye iViton zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nolwelo oluthile kunye nokuthintela ukuvuza nokuba ngamaqondo aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
* Izihluzi zokuzicoca:Ezi zibandakanya iindlela ezinjengokutyhaphaza ngasemva okanye ukubuya umva ukususa ukungcola okuqokelelweyo ngokuzenzekelayo, ukunciphisa iimfuno zogcino kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguqukiyo.
Imizekelo yezihluzi ze-HTHP zolwelo:
*Izihluzi zetsimbi zentsimbi:
* Izinto zesihluzi seCeramic:
* Izihluzi zemesh yentsimbi:
* Izihluzi ze-membrane ezinobushushu obuphezulu:
Usetyenziso:
Ukuhluzwa kolwelo lweHTHP kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo:
* Ukulungiswa kweekhemikhali:Ukwahlula amacandelo kwiikhemikhali, ukuhluza izinto eziqinileyo kunye nokungcola.
* Ishishini lePetrochemical:Ukulungiswa kwe-oyile ekrwada kunye nerhasi yendalo, ukuhluza izinto ezingcolisayo phambi kokuba kuqhutyekwe phambili.
* Ukuveliswa kwamandla:Ukucoca umphunga kunye namanzi kwiibhoyili kunye nee-turbines ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthintela umonakalo wezixhobo.
* Ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi:Ukucoca isinyithi esityhidiweyo kunye ne-alloys ukususa ukungcola kunye nokufezekisa izinto ezifunwayo.
* Ishishini lokutya nesiselo:Ukucoca ulwelo kunye nokususa izinto ezingcolisayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nomgangatho.
Isiphelo:
Ukuhluza ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nolwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu kufuna itekhnoloji ekhethekileyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kweemeko ezinzima ezibandakanyekayo. Ngokuphumeza izisombululo ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule, ukuhluzwa kwe-HTHP kunokwenziwa ngokufanelekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, sidwelisa enye igesi ekhethekileyo kunye nesidingo solwelo ukwenza ukuhluzwa
Iigesi eziKhethekileyo kunye nolwelo oluDinga ukuHlufa kwimizi-mveliso
Iigesi ezikhethekileyo:
* I-Hydrofluoric acid (HF): Igqwesa kakhulu kwizinto ezininzi, ifuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe ngeTeflon (PTFE) okanye ezinye iipolima ezixhathisayo.
* I-Silane (SiH4): Inokutsha kakhulu kunye ne-pyrophoric, efuna iinkqubo zokuphatha ezikhethekileyo kunye nezihlungi ezenzelwe ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
* I-Chlorine (Cl2): Ityhefu kunye ne-corrosion, ifuna izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-Hastelloy okanye i-Inconel yezihluzi kunye nezixhobo zokuphatha.
* I-Ammonia (NH3): Ityhefu kunye ne-corrosion, ifuna izihluzi ezenziwe ngentsimbi engenanto okanye ezinye izinto ezixhathisayo.
* IHydrogen sulfide (H2S): Inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye inokutsha, ifuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo kunye nokhuseleko.
* I-Sulfur dioxide (SO2): I-Corrosion kunye netyhefu, ifuna izihluzo ezenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwa okanye ezinye izinto ezixhathisayo.
Ulwelo olukhethekileyo:
* Iikhemikhali ezicoceke kakhulu: Isetyenziswa kwi-semiconductor kunye nemizi-mveliso yamayeza, efuna amanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka kunye nezihluzo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezihluzi zemembrane okanye iinkqubo zokuhluza ezinamanqanaba amaninzi.
* I-Biopharmaceuticals: Inovakalelo kubumdaka kwaye ifuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukucocwa kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.
* Izinyithi ezinyibilikisiweyo kunye nealloys: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokubanakho ukuqina kufuna izihluzi ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe ngezinto ezichasayo njengeseramics okanye i-alloys yobushushu obuphezulu.
* Iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo: Ziyonakalisa kakhulu kwaye zifuna imathiriyeli ekhethekileyo njengeHastelloy okanye i-Inconel kwizihluzi kunye nezixhobo zokuphatha.
* I-Slurries kunye neepastes: I-viscosity ephezulu kunye nendalo enqabileyo idinga uyilo oluthile lokucoca kunye nezixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukuhluza okusebenzayo kunye nokuthintela ukuvala.
* Ulwelo olunetyhefu kunye noluyingozi: Funa iinkqubo zokuphatha ezikhethekileyo kunye nezihluzi eziyilelwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokuvezwa kwizinto eziyingozi.
Qaphela: Olu ayiloluhlu olupheleleyo, kwaye uhlobo oluthile lwegesi ekhethekileyo okanye ulwelo olufuna ukuhluzwa luya kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso ethile.
Ngaba unayo iProjekthi eKhethekileyo yeGesi okanye yoHlulo lwamanzi?
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-08-2023
