Njengoko inani labantu behlabathi liqhubeka likhula, imfuno yokutya namandla nayo iyanda. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zolimo zemveli azihlali zizinzile kwaye zinokuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, kuye kwavela uhlobo olutsha lokulima olwaziwa ngokuba yi-agrivoltaic farming, oludibanisa ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunye nemveliso yezityalo. Kule blog, siza kuhlola indlela esebenza ngayo i-agrivoltaic farming, iingenelo zayo kunye nemingeni, kunye namandla ayo exesha elizayo.

Yintoni uLimo lwezoLimo?

Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-agrophotovoltaics okanye i-APV, yindlela apho iiphaneli zelanga zifakelwa khona ngaphezulu kwezityalo ukuze kuveliswe umbane ngelixa kunikezelwa umthunzi kwizityalo. Le ngcamango yaqala ukuphuhliswa ngeminyaka yoo-1980 eJapan, apho umhlaba unqongophele kwaye ubiza kakhulu, kwaye abalimi babefuna iindlela zokusebenzisa umhlaba kakuhle. Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic ukususela ngoko kuye kwaduma kwihlabathi liphela njengendlela ezinzileyo nesebenzayo yokuvelisa ukutya namandla.

Inkqubo ye-Agrivoltaic ibandakanya ukufaka iiphaneli zelanga kubude obufanelekileyo ngaphezu kwezityalo ukuze zinike umthunzi ngelixa zivumela ukukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo ukufikelela kwizityalo. Iiphaneli zihlala zifakelwa kwisakhelo esenziwe ngentsimbi okanye i-aluminium, kwaye inkqubo yenzelwe ukuba ilungelelaniswe ukuze ivumelane nezigaba ezahlukeneyo zokukhula kwezityalo. Iiphaneli zelanga ziqhagamshelwe kwi-inverter eguqula amandla e-DC aveliswa ziiphaneli abe ngamandla e-AC anokusetyenziswa efama okanye afakwe kwigridi.

Iingenelo zoLimo lwezoLimo

Ulimo lwe-Agrivoltaic lunezibonelelo ezininzi, eziquka:

1. Ukwanda kwesivuno sesivuno

Umthunzi obonelelwa ziiphaneli zelanga unceda ekulawuleni ubushushu nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi ngokuphuma komphunga, nto leyo enokubangela ukwanda kwesivuno sezityalo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba iinkqubo ze-agrivoltaic zinokunyusa isivuno sezityalo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60% xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zokulima.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okunciphileyo

Ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi ngenxa yokufuma, ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kunokunceda ukonga imithombo yamanzi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezingomiyo apho amanzi anqongophele khona.

3. Iindleko zamandla eziphantsi

Ngokwenza umbane wabo, abalimi banokunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo kwigridi kwaye banciphise iindleko zabo zamandla. Kwezinye iimeko, abalimi banokukwazi ukuvelisa umbane ogqithisileyo baze bawuthengisele igridi.

4. Ukuncipha kwempembelelo yekhabhoni

Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu ngokuvelisa amandla acocekileyo nahlaziyekayo kunye nokunciphisa imfuneko yamafutha efosili.

5. Ukwahlukahluka kwengeniso

Ngokuvelisa ukutya kunye nombane, abalimi banokutshintsha iindlela zabo zokufumana ingeniso baze banciphise ukuxhomekeka kwabo kumthombo omnye wengeniso.

Imingeni yoLimo lwezoLimo

Nangona ulimo olusebenzisa i-agrivoltaic luneenzuzo ezininzi, kukwakho nemingeni emininzi ekufuneka ijongwane nayo, kuquka:

1. Iindleko zokuqala zokuseta

Nangona ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kunokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zexesha elide, iindleko zokuqala zokuseta zinokuba phezulu. Iindleko zokufaka iiphaneli zelanga kunye nezinye izixhobo zinokuba ngumqobo ekungeneni kwabanye abalimi, ingakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo.

2. Ukunqongophala komhlaba

Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic kufuna umhlaba othile ukuze kusebenze kakuhle, kwaye kwezinye iindawo, umhlaba usenokuba mncinci okanye ubize kakhulu ukwenza ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic kuphumelele ngokwezoqoqosho.

3. Iingxaki zobugcisa ngeephaneli zelanga

Iiphaneli zelanga zifuna ukulungiswa nokucocwa rhoqo ukuze zihlale zisebenza kakuhle. Kwezinye iimeko, iziganeko zemozulu ezifana nezichotho okanye ikhephu elinzima zingonakalisa iiphaneli, zifune ukulungiswa okubizayo okanye ukutshintshwa.

4. Iingxabano ezinokubakho nezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa komhlaba

Kwezinye iimeko, ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kunokukhuphisana nezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa komhlaba, njengokutya amadlelo okanye amahlathi. Ucwangciso olucokisekileyo kunye nentsebenziswano nabanye abachaphazelekayo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulima nge-agrivoltaic akubangeli ngxabano.

5. Isidingo solwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nokugcinwa

Ulimo lwe-Agrivoltaic lufunainqanaba elithile lobuchwephesha kunye nokugcinwa. Abalimi kufuneka babe nolwazi lwezolimo kunye neenkqubo zamandla elanga ukuze basebenzise kwaye balondoloze iinkqubo ze-agrivoltaic ngokufanelekileyo.

Amandla exesha elizayo okulima nge-Agrivoltaic

Nangona kukho imingeni, ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kunamandla okudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezolimo ezizinzileyo kwixesha elizayo. Iingenelo zokulima nge-agrivoltaic zicacile, kwaye njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buphucuka kwaye iindleko zincipha, ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kuya kufikeleleka ngakumbi kubalimi kwihlabathi liphela.

Ukongeza, ukulima nge-agrivoltaic kunokulungiswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo kunye nemimandla, nto leyo eyenza kube sisisombululo esiguquguqukayo esinokulungiswa ngokweemfuno neemeko zasekuhlaleni. Iinkqubo ze-Agrivoltaic zingasetyenziselwa ukukhulisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo, kuquka imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neenkozo, kwaye zingasetyenziswa kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nasezidolophini.

Oorhulumente kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukwamkelwa kolimo olusebenzisa i-agrivoltaic. Iinkuthazo, inkxaso-mali, kunye neenkqubo zenkxaso zinokunceda ekunciphiseni iindleko zokufakela nokugcina nokukhuthaza abalimi abaninzi ukuba bamkele iinkqubo ze-agrivoltaic. Imigaqo-nkqubo ekhuthaza ezolimo ezizinzileyo, amandla avuselelekayo, kunye nokuhluthwa kwekhabhoni nayo inokudala imeko-bume efanelekileyo yolimo olusebenzisa i-agrivoltaic.

Ukwazisa Isicelo soMdlulisi woBushushu kunye noBumanzi kwiLimo lezoLimo

Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-agrophotovoltaics, yindlela entsha yokulima okuzinzileyo edibanisa ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunye nemveliso yezityalo. Le nkqubo intsha inika iingenelo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukwanda kwesivuno sezityalo, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuncinci, kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okuncinci. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nempilo efanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba abalimi bajonge izinto ezininzi ezingqongileyo, kubandakanya ubushushu kunye nokufuma. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokudlulisa ubushushu kunye nokufuma kwizolimo ze-agrivoltaic kunye nendlela ezinokunceda ngayo abalimi ukuba baphucule isivuno sabo sezityalo.

1. Ukubaluleka Kokujongwa Kobushushu Nokufuma

Ubushushu kunye nokufuma zizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwindalo ezichaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kwesityalo kunye nempilo yaso. Izityalo zinemfuno ezithile zobushushu kunye nokufuma ekufuneka zifezekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kunye nesivuno esifanelekileyo. Xa amazinga obushushu kunye nokufuma ephezulu kakhulu okanye ephantsi kakhulu, izityalo zinokuchaphazeleka kuxinzelelo lobushushu, uxinzelelo lwembalela, okanye izifo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kwesivuno kunye nomgangatho wesivuno ophantsi.

Ngokujonga amanqanaba obushushu kunye nokufuma ngexesha langempela, abalimi banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokunkcenkceshela, ukuphefumla umoya, kunye nezinye izinto ezingqongileyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukukhula kwesivuno kunye nesivuno. Nangona kunjalo, ukujonga ubushushu kunye nokufuma ngesandla kunokuthatha ixesha kwaye kubize umsebenzi omninzi, okwenza kube nzima kubalimi ukuqokelela idatha echanekileyo nefike ngexesha.

2. Indima yeZithuthi zoBushushu kunye nokuFudumala kwiLimo lezoLimo

Izithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufumazizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga imeko yokusingqongileyo kwizolimo ze-agrivoltaic. Ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa izinzwa eziphambili ukulinganisa amanqanaba obushushu kunye nokufuma ngexesha langempela kwaye zidlulisele idatha ngaphandle kwentambo kwinkqubo yokujonga ephakathi. Oku kuvumela abalimi ukuba bajonge imeko yokusingqongileyo ngexesha langempela kwaye benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokunkcenkceshela, umoya, kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo.

Izithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufuma zinokufakwa kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-agrivoltaic, zibonelela ngokubekwa esweni okubanzi kweemeko zokusingqongileyo. Zingafakwa emhlabeni ukujonga amaqondo obushushu kunye nokufuma komhlaba okanye zifakwe emoyeni ukujonga amaqondo obushushu kunye nokufuma kwindawo eluhlaza okanye kwindawo engqongileyo.

3. Iingenelo zeZithuthi zoBushushu kunye nokuFudumala kwiLimo lezoLimo

Ukusetyenziswa kwezithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufuma kwizolimo ze-agrivoltaic kunika iingenelo ezininzi, eziquka:

A: Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela

Izithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufuma zibonelela ngokujonga imeko yokusingqongileyo ngexesha langempela, zivumela abalimi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokunkcenkceshela, ukuphefumla, kunye nezinye izinto ezichaphazela imeko yokusingqongileyo. Oku kunceda ukuphucula ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nesivuno ngelixa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zamandla.

B: Ukubeka esweni ngokuchanekileyo

Iitransmitter zobushushu kunye nokufuma zisebenzisa iisensa eziphambili ukulinganisa iimeko zokusingqongileyo ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchaneka okuphezulu. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abalimi banokufikelela kulwazi oluchanekileyo noluthembekileyo olunokusetyenziswa ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.

C: Ukwanda kokusebenza kakuhle

Ukusetyenziswa kwezithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufuma kunokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo ze-agrivoltaic ngokunciphisa isidingo sokujonga ngesandla kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha. Oku kusindisa ixesha kunye neendleko zabasebenzi kwaye kuvumela abalimi ukuba bagxile kwezinye iinkalo zemisebenzi yabo.

D: Umgangatho wesivuno ophucukileyo

Ngokujonga amanqanaba obushushu kunye nokufuma, abalimi banokwenza ngcono imeko-bume yokusingqongileyo ukuze bakhuthaze ukukhula kwezityalo okunempilo kunye nesivuno. Oku kunokukhokelela kwizityalo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinencasa engcono, ubume, kunye nenkangeleko engcono.

Kuyamangalisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwahlulwa kwezolimo. Namhlanje, sifundai-agrivoltaicukulima. I-Agrivoltaics, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-agrophotovoltaics (APV), iphuhlisa indawo efanayo yomhlaba ukuze kusetyenziswe amandla elanga kunye nezolimo.

Iqela lezazinzulu zaseFransi elikhokelwa nguChristophe Dupraz laba ngabokuqala ukusebenzisa igama elithi agrivoltaic. Lithetha ukuba xa iiphaneli zelanga kunye nezityalo zokutya zidityaniswe kumhlaba omnye ukuze kusetyenziswe umhlaba kakuhle. Yingcamango enokubangela ukuba imveliso yokutya ifikelele kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Intsimi yabo yophando eMontpellier, eFransi, ibonise ukuba iinkqubo ze-agrivoltaic zinokuba nempumelelo enkulu: ukwanda kwemveliso yomhlaba kwihlabathi liphela kunokusuka kwi-35 ukuya kwi-73 ekhulwini!

I-greenhouse ye-agrivoltaic ingahlangabezana neemfuno zamandla zeendawo zokugcina izityalo zezolimo ukulawula ubushushu, ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nokukhanyisa ukukhanya. Kwaye izinto zokuvelisa umbane eluphahleni aziyi kuhlala emhlabeni, kwaye aziyi kutshintsha uhlobo lomhlaba, ngoko ke inokonga izixhobo zomhlaba. Ingahlangabezana neemfuno zokukhanyisa zezityalo ezahlukeneyo, ingatyala iimveliso zezolimo eziphilayo, izithole ezixabisekileyo, iintyatyambo kunye nezinye izityalo ezinexabiso eliphezulu, yonyuse ixabiso lemveliso ngeyunithi nganye yomhlaba kunye nexabiso elongezelelweyo lemveliso yezolimo, kwaye ifumane iingenelo zoqoqosho ezingcono. Ulimo lwe-photovoltaic lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekulimeni iifungi ezityiwayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenkxaso enamandla yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, ukwakhiwa kweendawo zokugcina izityalo ze-photovoltaic kuye kwakhuthazwa kwiisithili kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye imodeli "yoshishino lweefungi ezityiwayo ze-photovoltaic" ilungisiwe ukuze idale idolophu ephawulekayo "yefungus etyiwayo ye-photovoltaic".

Iikhowa ezityiwayo zizinto eziphilayo eziphila emanzini. Nokuba zikhula njani ii-spore, zikhula njani ii-hyphae, ukwakheka komzimba wesiqhamo kufuna umlinganiselo othile wokufuma kunye nokufuma komoya. Imfuneko yamanzi kwimizimba yeziqhamo zeefungi ezityiwayo ngexesha lokukhula inkulu kakhulu, kwaye imizimba yeziqhamo inokwakheka kuphela xa isiseko sinomthamo wamanzi owaneleyo. Kunokuthiwa iifungi ezityiwayo ezilahlekelwa kukufuma kwazo azinakuphila. Amanzi esixhobo sokukhulisa adla ngokulahleka ngenxa yokufuma okanye ukuvunwa, ngoko ke amanzi adla ngokutshizwa ngokwemeko. Ukufuma kwindawo yokukhulisa kunye nomoya kunokuhlolwa ixesha elide nge-thermometer kunye ne-hygrometer. Idatha yokufuma yenzelwe ikakhulu ukulinganisa ukufuma. Ungasebenzisa i-hygrometer okanye isixhobo sokufumanisa ubushushu kunye nokufuma esinokulinganisa ibhalbhu eyomileyo nemanzi.Imitha yobushushu bedijithali kunye nomswakama ye-HENGKO enemisebenzi emininziyimitha yokulinganisa ubushushu obuchanekileyo obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuqhelekileyo kwimizi-mveliso. Ngeprobe yangaphandle echanekileyo, i-LCD enkulu ukuze kube lula ukuyilinganisa, idatha ibalwa rhoqo emva kwe-10 milliseconds, kwaye inobuthathaka kwaye inemisebenzi yokulinganisa ukufuma, ubushushu, ubushushu be-dew point, idatha yebhalbhu eyomileyo nemanzi, enokuhlangabezana ngokulula neemfuno zokulinganisa ubushushu obuchanekileyo kunye nokufuma kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Nazi iimfuno zefungi ezityiwayo malunga nokufuma kunye nokufuma komoya kwindawo yokulima:

Ukongeza kwizinto ezibangela ukufuma, ubushushu bukwadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kweefungi ezityiwayo. Ngokweqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo elifunekayo kwi-mycelium yeefungi ezityiwayo, zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu: ubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Ukuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, buya kukhawulezisa ukufuma kweefungi ezityiwayo kwaye buchaphazele ukukhula kweefungi ezityiwayo. Ekubeni izinto ezibangela ubushushu kunye nokufuma zibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kweefungi ezityiwayo, ukujonga ubushushu kunye nokufuma yeyona nto iphambili. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyoisenzi sobushushu kunye nokufumaiimveliso zothotho onokukhetha kuzo. Sineqela letekhnoloji elinobuchule elibonelela ngenkonzo kunye nenkonzo eyenzelwe wena yeprobe yobushushu kunye nokufuma ukuba unesidingo esikhethekileyo seprobe kunye nokuchaneka kokulinganisa.

Ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic yindlela entsha yokuba abalimi abazizityebi bavuselele ezolimo ngenjongo enye elula nenye yokusebenzisa umhlaba kabini ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obutsha. I-China ibisoloko ixhasa kakhulu imigaqo-nkqubo yokunciphisa ubuhlwempu kwezolimo, ikhokela abalimi kwindlela eya kubutyebi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa ubuhlwempu kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezolimo. Sikholelwa ukuba ukulima nge-Agrivoltaic kuya kuba ngcono kwixesha elizayo!

Isiphelo

Izithumeli zobushushu kunye nokufuma zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga imeko yokusingqongileyo kwizolimo ze-agrivoltaic. Zibonelela ngedatha echanekileyo nechanekileyo enokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nesivuno ngelixa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye neendleko zamandla. Ngokusebenzisa amandla etekhnoloji, abalimi banokudala inkqubo yokutya ezinzileyo nesebenzayo enceda abalimi kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Ngaba unomdla kwezolimo ze-agrivoltaic? Yazi iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nokusetyenziswa kwee-Ubushushu kunye nee-Humidity Transmitters kwi-Agrivoltaic Farming,

Wamkelekile ukujonga iphepha leemveliso zethu okanye usithumelele umbuzo nge-imeyileka@hengko.comSiza kuphendula kuwe zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-24.