Iqondo lobushushu kunye neeMfuno zokufuma zokuLima amakhowa atyiwayo

Njengoko Usazi Amakhowa atyiwayo adla ngokukhetha iimeko zemozulu ezishushu nezifumileyo.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwamakhowa oludliwayo luneemfuno zalo kunye nenqanaba lokuziqhelanisa nezinto eziphilayo (ubushushu kunye nokufuma).

Ngoko ke, kufunekahayi'siqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma kovavanyo lwenzwaukujonga utshintsho kwidatha yobushushu kunye nokufuma ngamaxesha onke.

1. Ubushushu.

Ukukhula kunye nokuveliswa kwamakhowa adliwayo kuqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, iqondo lokushisa lifanelekile, kwaye umsebenzi walo obalulekileyo unamandla. Ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezu kobushushu obufanelekileyo, amandla ayo aya kuncitshiswa okanye athotywe.

Ukusebenzisa ithemometha, ngokobushushu obuphezulu obufunwa yi-mycelium etyiwayo, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu.

Uhlobo lobushushu obuphantsi:Elona qondo lobushushu liphezulu ngu 24℃~28℃, njenge Park mushroom, Sliding mushroom, Pine mushroom, kunye nobushushu obuncinane yi 30℃.

Uhlobo lobushushu obuphakathi: elona qondo lobushushu liyi-24℃~30℃, elifana namakhowa, amakhowa e-shiitake, umngundo wesilivere, kunye nomngundo omnyama, ubushushu obuphezulu yi-32℃~34℃.

Uhlobo lobushushu obuphezulu:elona qondo lobushushu yi 28℃~34℃, efana namakhowa omququ, kunye nefu ling, kwaye ubuncinci bobushushu yi 36℃.

Ngokusekelwe kubudlelwane phakathi kokwahlula kwe-zygotic (ukuqala kweeprotoplasts) kunye nobushushu, amakhowa adliwayo anokwahlulwa abe ngamacandelo amabini.

a. Uhlobo lobushushu obuphantsi. Ubushushu obuphezulu abuvunyelwanga ukuba bube ngaphezulu kwe 24℃, kwaye obona bushushu bufaneleka bungaphantsi kwe 20℃, obufana ne mushroom shiitake, park mushroom, mushroom, kunye ne purple spore flat mushroom.

b. Uhlobo lobushushu obuphakathi. Obona bushushu buphezulu bungagqitha ku 30℃, kwaye elona qondo lobushushu liphezulu kufuneka libengaphezulu kwe 24℃, njenge straw mushroom, anchovy mushroom, abalone mushroom.

Ngokubanzi, elona qondo lobushushu lophuhliso lwe-substratum lisezantsi kunobona bushushu bufanelekileyo bokukhula kwe-mycelium. Ngokobudlelwane phakathi kokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokukhula kwe-substratum kunye nophuhliso, amakhowa adliwayo anokwahlulwa abe

1) Ukuqina kobushushu rhoqo, oko kukuthi, ukugcina ubushushu obuthile obuqhubekayo bunokwenza i-substratum. Ngokomzekelo, i-mushroom yePaki, i-mushroom, intloko yenkawu, i-fungus emnyama, i-mushroom ye-straw, njl.

2)I-Fructification yobushushu obuguquguqukayo, oko kukuthi, ii-substrates zenziwe kuphela xa ubushushu buguquka; ama-substrates ayenziwa lula phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuqhubekayo. Ezinje ngeshiitake kunye nekhowa elicaba.

Ekubeni i-zygotes iqulethe iikhompawundi ezininzi ze-organic, ezifana neeprotheni kunye neeshukela, kune-mycelium, umxholo wamanzi uphezulu kakhulu kwaye usengozini kakhulu kwii-pathogens. Ngoko ke, iqondo lobushushu apho ii-zygotes zenzeka khona kufuneka lilawulwe ngaphantsi kancinci ngexesha lenkqubo yokulima.

2. Ukufuma kunye nokufuma.

Ngenxa yokuba ikhowa elityiwayo lifana nezinto eziphilayo ezifumileyo, nokuba kukuntshula kwembewu okanye ukukhula kwe-mycelium, isubstrate ifuna umlinganiselo othile wokufuma kunye nomoya omanzi. Ngaphandle kokufuma, akukho bomi. Amakhowa atyiwayo afuna ukufuma kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula nophuhliso, kwaye imbewu yawo ifuna amanzi amaninzi. Amanzi ubukhulu becala avela kwizinto zokulima, kwaye kuphela xa i-substrate iqulethe amanzi aneleyo inokubumba imbewu.

Izinto ezilinyiweyo zihlala ziphulukana nokufuma ngenxa yokuba ngumphunga okanye ukuvunwa, ngoko ke izitshizi zihlala zigalelwa ngokufanelekileyo. I-algorithm yomxholo wamanzi ibala ipesenteji yamanzi kwizinto ezimanzi. Ngokubanzi, umxholo wokufuma wezinto zenkcubeko ezilungele ukukhula kwamakhowa anokutyiwa malunga nama-60%. enokubekwa iliso nguizinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufumaixesha elide.

Usenayo nayiphi na imibuzo efana nokwazi iinkcukacha ezongezelelekileyo zeIMoni yokuJonga ukufuma, Nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuQhagamshelana nathi ngoku.

Kwakhona UnakoSithumele i-imeyileNgqo Ngokulandelayo:ka@hengko.com

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